Axle-box.



N0. 69l,l74. Patented Jan. 14, I902.

M. A. PERRIGQ.

AXLE BOX.

(Application filedl'una 15, 1900.) (N0 Model.)

NlTlED STATES Parnw'r trier.

MORGAN A. PERRIGO, OF WILKESBARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

A)(LE-=BOX.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 691 ,1'7'4, dated January 14, 1902.

Application filed Time 15,1900. Serial No. 20,458. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MORGAN A. PERRIGO, a citizen of the United States, residing at Wilkesbarre, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Axle-Box, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention or discovery relates to a novel process for hardening the face of a metal casting, but has more particular reference to the production of axle-boxes of the type ordinarily employed in vehicle constructions.

The object of the invention in its broadest aspect is to produce a metal casting having a hardened or chilled face, and in a more specific aspect thev object is to produce an axlebox the interior or bearing face of which will be hardened and susceptible of a smooth finish, which will greatly facilitate the antifrictional rotation of the box upon the axle.

The end sought to be attained by founders who make a specialty of the manufacture of this class of articles is the production of an inexpensive axle-box which will have the requisite strength. Heretofore high-grade boxes have been wrought, because great tensile strength can be attained in wrought forms. This method is very costly, however, and many boxes have been produced from ordinary gray-iron castings. Theselatter,while being comparatively inexpensive, are proportionately fragile and the metal is so soft as to be quickly worn out. These cast-iron boxes, as well as others made of malleable iron, have been case-hardened in an elfort to producea high-grade box at slight expense; but the result has been to render the metal exceedingly brittle and to lack that degree of homogeneity which is absolutely essential in this connection. High-grade steel has likewise been employed; but the excessive brittleness of this material, due to the large percentage of carbon, has practically precluded its use. Having these various facts in mind, I have sought to produce an axle-box from a casting, thereby minimizing the expense and producing a homogeneous texture throughout the box, and, next, I have sought to effect the hardening of the interior face of the box during the casting of the article and Without departing from the ordinary procedure, which comprehends the employment of a sand-flask and a sand core. The result of my efforts in this direction has been the discovery that the coating or impregnation with sulfur of the sand forming the mold or core, as the case may be, will effect the hardening of such surfaces of the casting as are molded in contact therewith.

In carrying out the process I first produce the sand mold, after which I form a core of either dry or green sand, which core I impregnate with pulverized sulfur in such proportions as may be necessary to produce the desired density of the more or less extended surface to be cast or molded in contact with the core thus treated. The impregnation of the core is efiected by mixing a suitable quantity of pulverized sulfur with the sand, after which the sand is reduced to a proper consistency by the addition of molasses-water to facilitate the forming of the core. The core thus impregnated is permitted to stand for several hours and is finally placed in the flask. The metal is then poured into the mold, the casting is made in the ordinary manner, and the resulting cast is found to have a comparatively deep facing of great density and susceptible of fine finish.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view through the casting as it comes from the mold, and Fig. 2 is a similar view of the finished axle-box.

By reference to the figures it will be seen that the bearing-surface or bore of the box is formed with what appears to be a chilled lining, (indicated by the numeral a,)the body and outer surface being the usual comparatively soft cast metal 5. The enlargement of the core at its base, which forms the interior sur face of the collar 0 of the boxing, is not impregnated, and the interior face of such collar is therefore left in its ordinary soft condition in order to facilitate its being trued with tools in the usual manner. After the casting thus formed is taken from the mold it is simply finished up in the ordinary manner, and the hard face of the bore is trued up with an emery-Wheel or other similar device.

What I claim is- The process for producing axle-boxes havin g hardened interior faces, which consists in first mixing pulverized sulfur and sand in the proper proportions; next reducing the resultmy own I have hereto aflixed my signature in ing material to the proper consistency by the the presence of two witnesses. addition of a liquid binder, substantially as described; next, forming a core from the re- MORGAN PERRIGO' 3 suiting mass; and finally, casting the box Witnesses:

around and in contact with said core. J. T. ONEILL,

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as GEORGE O. LEWIS. 

